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== Open Circuits ==
Open Circuits is a wiki for sharing [[open source electronics]] knowledge, schematics, board layouts, ports and parts libraries. Please help us to build this resource by submitting your descriptions, projects, instructions, techniques, board layouts, PCB footprints, and other documentation for electronics. This includes

* [[Projects]]: open hardware [[Music Player]]s, [[atomic microscope]]s, [[PC]], [[PDA]], [[Open Mobile Gadgets|mobile phone]]s, etc.
* [[Ideas]]: including [[Basic Circuits and Circuit Building Blocks]] -- Circuits you will use over and over.
* [[Techniques]]: for doing things, often using [[hardware tool]]s or [[software tool]]s or both.
* [[Components]]: Lists of components, where to purchase them, how to use them.  For many components there are links to projects using that particular component, this is especially true for [[microcontroller]]s, for example follow the links down to PIC microcontrollers and you will find many project links as well as tutorials. General tips on [[connectors]], [[battery|batteries]], [[enclosures]], as well as more specific information on [[Popular Parts]].

Many of the section titles are active links, click on them.
* [[Test Equipment and Other Equipment]] See what is going on in your circuits, charge your batteries, etc.
* [[Tutorials]] How to understand and plan what you are doing.  These are for general theory, more specific information is linked to its topic.
* [[PCB Footprints]] Don't reinvent the wheel. Known working open PCB footprints for various components.
* [[HackerSpaces]] And hacker orgnizations.  These are the white hat guys hacking electronics to make things.  Includes DIY types, the people who read Make Magazine.
* [[Got A Blog, Wiki or Website?]] Link to it on the [[Got A Blog, Wiki or Website?]] or [[WikiNode]] page.
* [[Got a Technical Question?]] Perhaps it will be answered, perhaps not.  Google for it first in the spirit of RTFM.  Please do not ask us to do a school project for you.
ALL Electronics and Microcontroller circuits --[http://www.npeducations.com npeducations]

== Meta Open Source ==
[[Meta Open Source]]:
Not projects or information on projects, but stuff about Open Hardware Initiatives and the open source movement ( mostly hardware ) itself.

The '''Open Source Movement''', typically covers '''Open Hardware''', '''Open Firmware''', and '''Open Software'''.

'''Open Hardware''' is similar to '''[http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html Free] and [http://www.opensource.org/docs/definition.php Open Source Software]'''.

The '''Open Firmware''' movement provides firmware (i.e.: micro-code specifically related to the subcoding of hardware devices) which you may also know as '''soft-IP''' or '''FPGA''' coding see [http://www.opencores.org Open Cores] for more details.

Excellent examples of specific Open Hardware projects are listed on our [[Projects]] page.
Discussions of more general open-hardware ideas are on a few pages here, such as
[[open source electronics]], [[Ideas]], [[Meta Open Source]], etc.

Just as many important pieces of open-source software are, in turn, used to develop software (including more open-source software),
many important open-hardware devices are, in turn, used to develop hardware devices (including more open-hardware devices) --
such as [[Oscilloscope#Open Source Oscilloscopes]].
There's also a bit of crossover, in that [[software tool]]s (many of them open-source software) are often used to develop open-source hardware.

=== Licenses ===

The most common "open hardware" licenses are the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Creative Commons Licenses] and the [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU General Public License].
The GNU people wrote the [http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#DoesTheGPLAllowMoney the GPL FAQ]
to deal with common questions and misunderstandings of the GPL.
The GNU people go on to say
: "We encourage people who redistribute free software to charge as much as they wish or can. If this seems surprising to you, [http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/selling.html please read on." -- GNU: "Selling Free Software"]

For example, Linksys makes money selling (among other things) their [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linksys_WRT54G_series Linksys WRT54G series] routers, which use Linux under the GPL license.

To understand what your entitlements and responsibilities are under the applicable license(s); each hardware, firmware and/or software piece you have either copied, modified, developed using tools provided or if you intend distributing your development, you '''MUST''' read each and every license, and be specifically aware that you may not mix such license(s) together unless they can co-exist under one umbrella license. For example you may modify, copy, enhance and distribute parts your project which are all under the same license e.g.: or .

Some people are working on licenses that are specifically designed for "open hardware".
"Open Source Hardware (OSHW) Draft Definition 1.0"[http://freedomdefined.org/OSHW].
Wikipedia: "Open Hardware License"[http://daivx.webchuyennghiep.net/dam-cong-so-cho-mua-he]
mentions
"CERN Open Hardware License"[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERN_Open_Hardware_License][http://www.ohwr.org/documents/88]
and the "TAPR Open Hardware License"[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAPR_Open_Hardware_License].
David L. Jones has a short video that discusses open-source hardware[http://www.eevblog.com/2011/08/12/eevblog-195-open-source-hardware-explained/] and mentions several licenses, including the
CERN Open Hardware Licence[http://www.ohwr.org/projects/cernohl/wiki].

Your post http://verchini.com/vi-nam is so http://lucyyou.com/kinh-thoi-trang interesting and http://lucyyou.com/mat-kinh informative. I got a lot http://lucyyou.com/kinh-mat of useful and significant information. Thank you so much http://vienne.co/tui-xach-thoi-trang.
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Notice: Open Circuits Recent History ==
-'''Open Circuits''' has hit some bumps in the road in the last year.  We have had trouble with:
-* Upgrading our software
-* Maintaining our tcpip address.
-* Dealing with spam.
-* Taking updates offline.
-We should now (Feb 2021) be back at the same old address ( though a new address may show up as well ), the software is upgraded, updates to content are enabled.
-One lingering problem is spam, so for now to become a new users drop an email to (  no_spam_please_666 at comcast dot net (REFORMAT FOR A VALID EMAIL ADDRESS). This address is just for first contact, I will respond with a better address after first contact ).
-We think the site will be up, stable, and generally in good shape for years to come.
 == Open Circuits ==
 Open Circuits is a wiki for sharing [[open source electronics]] knowledge, schematics, board layouts, ports and parts libraries. Please help us to build this resource by submitting your descriptions, projects, instructions, techniques, board layouts, PCB footprints, and other documentation for electronics. This includes
-* [[Open Circuits website]] is where you should discuss issues about the opencircuits.com website itself.
+* [[Projects]]: open hardware [[Music Player]]s, [[atomic microscope]]s, [[PC]], [[PDA]], [[Open Mobile Gadgets|mobile phone]]s, etc.
-* [[Projects]]: [[open source ventilator]], open hardware [[Music Player]]s, [[atomic microscope]]s, [[PC]], [[PDA]], [[Open Mobile Gadgets|mobile phone]]s, etc.
 * [[Ideas]]: including [[Basic Circuits and Circuit Building Blocks]] -- Circuits you will use over and over.
-* [[Techniques]]: for doing things, often using [[hardware tool]]s or [[software tool]]s or both. Includes tips for designing custom printed circuit boards (PCBs), [[PCB Manufacturers]], assembly, and embedded system programming and testing.
+* [[Techniques]]: for doing things, often using [[hardware tool]]s or [[software tool]]s or both.
 * [[Components]]: Lists of components, where to purchase them, how to use them.  For many components there are links to projects using that particular component, this is especially true for [[microcontroller]]s, for example follow the links down to PIC microcontrollers and you will find many project links as well as tutorials. General tips on [[connectors]], [[battery|batteries]], [[enclosures]], as well as more specific information on [[Popular Parts]].
-* [[Meta Open Source]]: Not projects or information on projects, but stuff about Open Hardware Initiatives and the open source movement in general, including tips on picking a [[hardware license]] to make it easier for others to collaborate with you.
 Many of the section titles are active links, click on them.
@@ Line 31: / Line 14: @@
 * [[Got A Blog, Wiki or Website?]] Link to it on the [[Got A Blog, Wiki or Website?]] or [[WikiNode]] page.
 * [[Got a Technical Question?]] Perhaps it will be answered, perhaps not.  Google for it first in the spirit of RTFM.  Please do not ask us to do a school project for you.
+ALL Electronics and Microcontroller circuits --[http://www.npeducations.com npeducations]
 == Meta Open Source ==
@@ Line 52: / Line 36: @@
 === Licenses ===
-: ''consider moving this section to: [[hardware license]]''
 The most common "open hardware" licenses are the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Creative Commons Licenses] and the [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU General Public License].
@@ Line 73: / Line 56: @@
 CERN Open Hardware Licence[http://www.ohwr.org/projects/cernohl/wiki].
-Jim E. Bullock.
+Your post http://verchini.com/vi-nam is so http://lucyyou.com/kinh-thoi-trang interesting and http://lucyyou.com/mat-kinh informative. I got a lot http://lucyyou.com/kinh-mat of useful and significant information. Thank you so much http://vienne.co/tui-xach-thoi-trang.
-[http://apps.americanbar.org/buslaw/blt/2003-07-08/bullock.html "Passing it on: The technology license"]
-defines many legal terms common in technology licenses.
-== Help Us Make Open Circuits Better ==
-What are we:
-Looks like we are defining this by way of who contributes and what.  I ( [[russ_hensel]] ) am a new member so may or may not have it right.
-This is what I think:
-*An introduction to Electronic theory, suitable for the hobbyist.
-*Guide to locating and using components and tools.
-*Details on how to build various projects.
-*Building some sense of community among builders.
-There are two means of carrying this out:
-*Write material for the site or
-*Link to material you may have written or have located on the web.  There is so much stuff on the web that lets not write it here unless it is at least somewhat unique.
-What do you think, discuss it here if very general, else on the discussion page ( link at top of page ).
-See also:
-*[[We love volunteers]]
-*[[Help:contents]]
-*[[Spam]]  What should we do about it, it is a real problem now ( Feb 08 ).
-__NOTOC__
-[[Category:Community| ]]